Hauv 2017, Lub Koom Haum Saib Xyuas Kev Noj Qab Haus Huv Ntiaj Teb tau tshaj tawm cov tswv yim ntawm"Kev kuaj pom ntxov, kuaj pom ntxov, thiab kho thaum ntxov", uas yog npaj los qhia rau pej xeem kom xyuam xim rau cov tsos mob ua ntej.Tom qab xyoo ntawm kev kho mob tiag tiag nyiaj,Peb lub tswv yim no tau dhau los ua txoj hauv kev zoo tshaj plaws los tiv thaiv qog noj ntshav.
Raws li "Global Cancer Report 2020" tso tawm los ntawm WHO, nws tau kwv yees tias tus naj npawb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab thoob ntiaj teb yuav nce mus rau 30.2 lab hauv 2040 thiab cov neeg tuag yuav ncav cuag 16.3 lab.
Xyoo 2020, yuav muaj 19 lab tus mob qog noj ntshav tshiab hauv ntiaj teb.Thaum lub sijhawm ntawd, peb qhov mob qog noj ntshav loj uas muaj cov qog nqaij hlav loj tshaj plaws hauv ntiaj teb yog: mob qog noj ntshav mis (22.61 lab), mob ntsws ntsws (2.206 lab), nyuv (19.31 lab), thiab mob plab hnyuv thib tsib nrog 10.89 lab,nyob rau hauv tus naj npawb ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab, mob qog noj ntshav thiab qog nqaij hlav plab suav txog 15.8% ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab.
Raws li peb txhua tus paub, Manhua kab lus hais txog los ntawm lub qhov ncauj mus rau lub qhov rooj zaj sawv, uas cuam tshuam nrog txoj hlab pas, plab, plab hnyuv, plab hnyuv loj (cecum, appendix, txoj hnyuv, qhov quav thiab qhov quav), daim siab, txiav, thiab lwm yam. thiab cov kab mob qog nqaij hlav hauv cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab thoob ntiaj teb Kev mob qog noj ntshav thiab qog noj ntshav ob leeg koom nrog txoj hnyuv, yog li cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab kuj yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab "peb ntxov" lub tswv yim yuav tsum tau ua.
Xyoo 2020, tus naj npawb ntawm cov mob qog noj ntshav tshiab hauv kuv lub tebchaws kuj tau mus txog 4.5 lab, thiab cov neeg mob qog noj ntshav tuag yog 3 lab.Qhov nruab nrab ntawm 15,000 tus neeg tau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav txhua hnub, thiab 10.4 tus neeg tau kuaj mob qog noj ntshav txhua feeb.Qhov thib tsib yog mob ntsws cancer(xws li 17.9% ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab),mob qog noj ntshav (12.2%), mob plab (10.5%),mob qog noj ntshav mis (9.1%), thiab mob qog noj ntshav (9%).Ntawm tsib tus mob qog noj ntshav ib leeg,Cov qog nqaij hlav hauv plab suav nrog 31.7% ntawm tag nrho cov qog nqaij hlav tshiab.Nws tuaj yeem pom tau tias peb yuav tsum tau ua tib zoo saib xyuas thiab tiv thaiv kab mob plab hnyuv.
Cov hauv qab no yog xyoo 2020 tsab (kev tshawb nrhiav tshwj xeeb thiab kev pom zoo ntawm tib neeg cov qog nqaij hlav Chang Beihui) uas muaj feem cuam tshuam txog kev tiv thaiv kab mob plab thiab tshuaj xyuas:
mob qog nqaij hlav hauv plab
Cov khoom uas pheej hmoo siab
1.Asymptomatic cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 1.45 xyoo;
2.Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 240 uas muaj cov tsos mob ntawm tus mob anorectal rau ob lub lis piam":
3.Cov neeg mob ulcerative colitis ntev;
4.4 tus neeg tom qab phais mob qog noj ntshav;
5. Cov pej xeem tom qab kev kho mob ntawm lub plab adenoma;
6. Cov txheeb ze tam sim ntawd nrog tsev neeg keeb kwm mob qog nqaij hlav hauv plab
7. Cov txheeb ze tam sim ntawd ntawm cov neeg mob kuaj pom muaj kab mob qog noj ntshav uas muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 20 xyoo
Cov lus pom zoo kuaj
1. Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas "Cov pej xeem" raws li 1-5:
(1) Kev kuaj mob qog nqaij hlav hauv plab pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 45 xyoos, tsis hais txiv neej lossis poj niam, fecal occult blood (FOBT) raug kuaj pom ib xyoos ib zaug
Colonoscopy txhua 10 xyoo txog rau hnub nyoog 75 xyoos;
(2) Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog 76-85, uas muaj kev noj qab haus huv, thiab cov neeg uas muaj lub neej expectancy ntau tshaj 10 xyoo, tuaj yeem tswj tau qhov kho kom zoo nkauj.
2 Raws li "Kev soj ntsuam soj ntsuam ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev neeg tam sim ntawd nrog tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob qog noj ntshav:
(1) 1 tus txheeb ze thawj-degree nrog qhov tseeb qib siab adenoma lossis mob (hnub nyoog pib tsawg dua 60 xyoo), 2
Thawj cov txheeb ze thiab siab dua nrog cov qib siab adenoma lossis mob qog noj ntshav (ib lub hnub nyoog ntawm qhov pib), pib thaum muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo (los yog pib ntawm 10 xyoo qis dua hnub nyoog pib ntawm cov neeg yau tshaj plaws hauv tsev neeg), FOBT kuaj ib zaug. xyoo, ib zaug txhua 5 xyoos Colonoscopy;
(2) Cov kev pheej hmoo siab nrog tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm cov neeg txheeb ze (tsuas yog 1, thiab hnub nyoog pib yog siab dua 60 xyoo):
Pib tshawb xyuas thaum muaj hnub nyoog 40 xyoo, nrog rau kev xeem FOBT txhua xyoo thiab kuaj ntshav colonoscopy txhua kaum xyoo.3 Kev tshuaj ntsuam xyuas ntawm cov neeg hauv tsev neeg ntawm "kev mob qog nqaij hlav hauv plab" lub rooj sib tham 7;
Rau cov neeg hauv tsev neeg ntawm cov neeg mob uas muaj FAP thiab HNPCC, kev kuaj noob caj noob ces raug pom zoo thaum cov noob hloov pauv hauv thawj rooj plaub hauv tsev neeg pom tseeb.
(1) Rau cov neeg uas muaj kev hloov pauv noob caj noob ces, tom qab muaj hnub nyoog 20 xyoo, yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas qhov colonoscopy txhua 1-2 xyoos;(2) Rau cov neeg uas muaj qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov noob hloov pauv, cov pej xeem yuav tsum tau kuaj xyuas.4 Txoj kev pom zoo rau kev kuaj xyuas:
(1) Kev xeem FOBT + kev tshawb xyuas qhov nruab nrab yog txoj hauv kev tseem ceeb ntawm kev tshawb nrhiav Han, thiab cov pov thawj txaus:
(2) Multi-target gene detection ntawm cov ntshav yuav pab txhim kho qhov tseeb ntawm kev suav, thiab tus nqi kuj tseem kim;(3) Yog tias muaj kev tso cai, kev tshuaj xyuas tuaj yeem ua tau los ntawm kev sib xyaw cov quav thiab ntshav.
Cov lus qhia tiv thaiv:
1. Kev tawm dag zog tuaj yeem txo qhov tshwm sim ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav, ua raws li kev coj noj coj ua kis las, thiab ua luam dej kom tsis txhob muaj rog;
2. Noj qab nyob zoo lub paj hlwb, ua rau kom cov khoom noj muaj fiber ntau thiab cov txiv hmab txiv ntoo tshiab, thiab tsis txhob noj cov zaub mov muaj roj thiab cov protein ntau;
3 Cov tshuaj uas tsis yog lub cev tiv thaiv kab mob thiab tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob tuaj yeem ua tau zoo los tiv thaiv kev mob plab hnyuv.Cov neeg laus tuaj yeem sim tshuaj aspirin tsawg, uas tuaj yeem txo qhov kev pheej hmoo ntawm cov kab mob plawv thiab cerebrovascular thiab mob qog noj ntshav.Nrog rau tus kws kho mob rau kev siv tshwj xeeb.
5.Txo kev haus luam yeeb kom tsis txhob ua rau nws lub sijhawm ntev toxicity thiab inflammatory stimulation rau Qinghua Dao.
Mob plab
Cov khoom uas pheej hmoo siab
Tus neeg twg uas muaj ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no yog cov khoom muaj kev pheej hmoo siab;
1. Tshaj 60 xyoo;
2 Nruab nrab thiab hnyav atrophic gastritis;
3. Mob plab rwj;
4. Mob plab polyps;
5. Giant fold kos npe ntawm pais plab mucosa;
6. Postoperative residual plab rau cov kab mob benign;
7. Lub plab zom mov tom qab phais mob plab (6-12 lub hlis tom qab phais);
8. Tus kab mob Helicobacter pylori;
9. Tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm meej txog kev mob qog noj ntshav hauv plab lossis txoj hlab pas;
10. Pernicious anemia:
11. Familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP), hereditary non-polyposis colon cancer (HNPCC) family history.
Cov lus pom zoo kuaj
Hnub nyoog> 40 xyoo nrog mob plab, plab plab, acid regurgitation, kub siab thiab lwm yam tsos mob ntawm epigastric tsis xis nyob, thiab mob gastritis, gastric mucosal plab hnyuv metaplasia, gastric polyps, seem plab, loj gastric fold kos npe, mob plab epigastric ulcer thiab pais plab ulcer. Hyperplasia thiab lwm yam kab mob thiab cov khoom nrog tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm cov qog yuav tsum tau mus kuaj mob raws li kws kho mob pom zoo.
Cov lus qhia tiv thaiv
1. Tsim kom muaj kev noj qab nyob zoo thiab kev noj zaub mov zoo, tsis txhob noj ntau dhau;
2. Kev tshem tawm ntawm tus kab mob Helicobacter pylori;
3. Txo kev noj cov khoom txias, ntsim, kub dhau, thiab cov zaub mov nyuaj, nrog rau cov khoom noj ntsev xws li haus luam yeeb thiab pickled.
4. Txiav luam yeeb;
5. Haus dej cawv tsawg lossis tsis muaj cawv;
6. So thiab decompress kom tsim nyog
Mob qog noj ntshav esophageal
Cov khoom uas pheej hmoo siab
Hnub nyoog> 40 xyoo thiab ua tau raws li ib qho ntawm cov kev pheej hmoo hauv qab no:
1. Los ntawm thaj chaw muaj mob qog noj ntshav siab hauv kuv lub tebchaws (qhov chaw ntom ntom tshaj plaws ntawm cov qog noj ntshav hauv kuv lub tebchaws yog nyob hauv Hebei, Henan thiab Shanxi xeev nyob rau sab qab teb ntawm Taihang Roob, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog nyob rau hauv Lub Nroog Cixian, nyob rau hauv Qinling, Dabie Roob, sab qaum teb Sichuan, Fujian, Guangdong, sab qaum teb Jiangsu, Xinjiang, thiab lwm yam. av thiab organic khub yog concentrated nyob rau hauv high-ceev xwm txheej);
2. Cov tsos mob ntawm plab hnyuv siab raum, xws li xeev siab, ntuav, mob plab, acid regurgitation, noj tsis xis nyob thiab lwm yam tsos mob;
3. Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm mob esophageal:
4. Kev txom nyem los ntawm kab mob esophageal precancerous los yog kab mob precancerous:
5. Muaj kev pheej hmoo siab rau mob qog noj ntshav xws li haus luam yeeb, haus dej ntau, rog dhau, nyiam zaub mov kub, squamous cell carcinoma ntawm lub taub hau thiab caj dab lossis ua pa;
6. Kev txom nyem los ntawm tus kab mob periesophageal reflux (CERD);
7. Tus kab mob human papillomavirus (HPV).
Cov lus pom zoo kuaj
Cov neeg muaj kev pheej hmoo siab mob qog noj ntshav:
1. Kev kuaj pom zoo ib yam, ib zaug txhua ob xyoos;
2 Endoscopy nrog pathological tshawb pom ntawm me me dysplasia, endoscopy ib xyoos ib zaug;
3 Endoscopy nrog pathological tshawb pom ntawm nruab nrab dysplasia, endoscopy txhua rau lub hlis
Cov lus qhia tiv thaiv
1. Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb lossis txiav luam yeeb;
2. Ib qho me me ntawm cawv lossis tsis muaj cawv;
3. Noj cov zaub mov kom tsim nyog, noj txiv hmab txiv ntoo thiab zaub ntau dua
4. Txhim khu kev tawm dag zog thiab tswj lub cev hnyav;
5. Tsis txhob noj zaub mov kub lossis haus dej kub.
mob qog noj ntshav
Cov khoom uas pheej hmoo siab
Cov txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos thiab cov poj niam hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoo nyob rau hauv ib qho ntawm cov pawg hauv qab no:
1. Tus kab mob siab B (HBV) kab mob los yog kab mob siab C ntev (HCV) kab mob;
2. Cov tsev neeg muaj keeb kwm mob qog noj ntshav;
3. Cov neeg mob uas muaj daim siab cirrhosis tshwm sim los ntawm schistosomiasis, cawv, thawj cirrhosis, thiab lwm yam;
4. Cov neeg mob uas muaj tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab;
5. Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob metabolic, xws li: hemochromatosis a-1 antitrypsin deficiency, glycogen cia kab mob, qeeb cutaneous porphyria, tyrosinemia, thiab lwm yam;
6. Cov neeg mob autoimmune kab mob siab;
7. Cov neeg mob uas tsis yog-alcoholic fatty siab kab mob (NAFLD).
Cov lus pom zoo kuaj
1. Cov txiv neej hnub nyoog tshaj 35 xyoos thiab cov poj niam hnub nyoog tshaj 45 xyoos uas muaj feem yuav mob qog noj ntshav siab yuav tsum tau tshawb xyuas;
2. Kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov ntshav alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) thiab daim siab B-ultrasound, tshuaj xyuas txhua 6 lub hlis
Cov lus qhia tiv thaiv
1. tshuaj tiv thaiv kab mob siab B;
2. Cov neeg mob uas muaj kab mob siab ntev yuav tsum tau txais cov tshuaj tua kab mob kom sai li sai tau txhawm rau tswj tus kab mob siab rov ua dua tshiab.
3. Tsis txhob haus cawv los yog txo cov cawv;
4. Noj cov zaub mov tsis zoo thiab txo cov zaub mov muaj roj
5. Tsis txhob noj cov zaub mov pwm.
Mob qog noj ntshav pancreatic
Cov khoom uas pheej hmoo siab
Cov neeg muaj hnub nyoog tshaj 40 xyoo, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog muaj hnub nyoog 50 xyoo, nrog rau ib qho ntawm cov hauv qab no (cov khoom thib rau tsis ua rau muaj kev pheej hmoo ntawm mob qog noj ntshav, tab sis kev tshuaj ntsuam feem ntau tsis ua):
1. Tsev neeg keeb kwm ntawm pancreatic cancer thiab ntshav qab zib;
2. Muaj keeb kwm ntawm kev haus luam yeeb ntev ntev, haus cawv, noj zaub mov muaj rog thiab muaj protein ntau;
3. Lub plab thiab sab sauv puv, tsis xis nyob, mob plab tsis pom tseeb, thiab cov tsos mob xws li tsis qab los noj mov, qaug zog, raws plab, poob phaus, mob nraub qaum, thiab lwm yam;
4. Kev rov ua dua ntawm tus kab mob pancreatitis ntev, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog mob pancreatitis nrog cov pob zeb hauv cov kab mob pancreatic, cov kab mob loj ntawm cov kab mob pancreatic hom mucinous papilloma, mucinous cystic adenoma, thiab cov qog nqaij hlav pseudopapillary, nrog cov ntshav siab CA19-9;
5. Kev mob ntshav qab zib mellitus tam sim no tsis muaj tsev neeg keeb kwm;
6. Helicobacter pylori (HP) zoo, keeb kwm ntawm lub qhov ncauj periodontitis, PJ syndrome, thiab lwm yam.
Cov lus pom zoo kuaj
1. Cov ntsiab lus hais saum toj no raug tshuaj xyuas nrog cov txiaj ntsig ntawm kev kuaj ntshav ntawm cov qog nqaij hlav xws li CA19-9, CA125 CEA, thiab lwm yam, ua ke nrog plab CT thiab MRI, thiab B-ultrasound kuj tuaj yeem muab kev pabcuam sib xws;
2. Kev kuaj CT lossis MR ib xyoos ib zaug rau cov neeg hais saum toj no, tshwj xeeb tshaj yog cov neeg muaj keeb kwm ntawm tsev neeg thiab cov kab mob pancreatic uas twb muaj lawm.
Cov lus qhia tiv thaiv
1. Tsis txhob haus luam yeeb thiab haus cawv;
2. Txhawb nqa lub teeb, yooj yim digestible, muaj roj tsawg;
3. Noj ntau nqaij qaib, ntses thiab cw, thiab txhawb kev noj "+" paj zaub, xws li zaub qhwv ntsuab, zaub qhwv, radish, zaub paj, thiab lwm yam;
4. Txhawb kev ua si aerobic sab nraum zoov
5. Txhawm rau tiv thaiv qhov tsis zoo ntawm cov kab mob benign, cov kab mob pancreatic duct pob zeb, intraductal mucinous papilloma thiab cystic adenoma lossis lwm yam kab mob pancreatic benign yuav tsum nrhiav kev kho mob raws sijhawm.
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Post lub sij hawm: Sep-09-2022